A Brief Note On Medicare And Social Security - 1334 Words

3) During the early stages of our adulthood, we often hear about Medicare and Social Security, but sometimes it doesn t resonate how important those factors play in our future. Since 1966, Medicare has been providing health insurance to both the old and young while taking money from those who are able to work and provide for themselves. Meanwhile, Social Security is in charge of giving money to those who are old, disabled, widowed, and have low income through taxing citizens. Both of these federal government run programs play a key role in redistributing wealth throughout the country. They are put in place to assure citizens, 65 and older, with disabilities, and fall under the bottom tier of the class system, are cared for and given†¦show more content†¦So the individuals being taxed may receive less than half of what they payed. Even now, the Medicare system put in place to provide healthcare to those in need does not provide full coverage for all healthcare costs. Liked a domino effect, hospitals and other healthcare providers are then forced to either take the loss or provide minimal health care. Since we have these issues on hand, there are some solutions that may benefit both those in need, health care providers as well as the Social Security and Medicare Systems financially. Recently, there have been many theories of financing health care providers and those in Social Security programs. One of which is to raise taxes on the upper class and use the net worth towards the medical field and those who provide health care to Medicare patients (Madjaroff, 2014). However, even though this seems like a logical idea, what are the chances of the upper class paying even more taxes for the health care providers? If we expect to increase taxes on the upper class, they may question why taxes aren’t raised for the middle and lower classes as well. If businessmen are taxed more, they are likely to reduce the income rates of working class men to reduce the deficit. So this solution may not be efficient and bring about the much needed change. Another solution is to increase the retirement ages from 65 to 70. Pushing the age requirement by five years, should decrease the number of eligible applicants of Medicare and Social

The Potential Disasters of Colony Collapse Disorder

Honeybees are considered a keystone species because of the extremely important role they play in supporting and pollinating a large variety of ecosystems. Human beings are also reliant on the services that honeybees provide, and often use them in commercial greenhouses and orchards to ensure proper pollination. Although much research has been done to try and discover the cause of the dying bees, no single factor has been determined. However, if the problem remains unsolved, it could lead to disastrous economic an ecological changes. Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) is a strange phenomenon in which worker bees randomly disappear from the hive. Few or no dead workers are found within the hives that worker bees disappear from, and they are left with only a small cluster of bees with a live queen. There have been many theories published about possible reasons behind the loss of the worker bees, ranging from viruses, mites, pathogens, and insecticides all the way to increased cellphone usag e interfering with the bees immune system and ability to navigate. Anatomy And Background Of Bees Honeybees (Apis mellifera) have two sets of eyes, the ocelli and compound eyes. The ocelli consist of three small eyes with dense lenses on the top of the bees head. These eyes are used to detect light intensity, which helps them determine which way is up and down. The second set, the compound eyes, consist of two eyes both with 6900 hexagonal cells, called ommatidia, which allows the honeybee toShow MoreRelatedHoney Bee Extinction Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesof blueberries. One could try going to one’s local farmers market, but with the disappearance of honey bees, private farmers and vendors would also take a devastating hit. The culprit of this devastating scenario is known as colony collapse disorder. Colony collapse disorder, also known as CCD, is when healthy worker bees disappear from the hive leaving behind honey and immature bees to care for the queen (Weise 1). Judging for the information at hand, I believe CCD is affecting a majori ty of theRead MoreOverpopulation : The Downfall Of The Human Race1716 Words   |  7 Pagesneed to build up even more. If we do so, we can successfully minimize the amount of space used to house people. But in order to do this, a stronger infrastructure would be needed to keep the buildings from collapsing or being destroyed in a natural disaster, such as an earthquake. Unfortunately, there are many problems associated with building up so much. Climate change contributes to the risk of building up. With more and more people on this planet, additional energy is needed to create more foodRead MoreThe Issue Of World Hunger1998 Words   |  8 PagesWith GMO, farmers no longer have to be the slave to the â€Å"what ifs†, of weather, pests, and crop viruses; through genetic modification in the DNA of the product, scientists have been able to â€Å"plan ahead†, so to speak, and prepare the seeds for any potential trials they may meet through the course of the season (Popescu). Although GM foods and crops show many obvious advantages over non GM crops, there has been a delay in the implementation of GMO, due to the public s unfounded fear that consumingRead MoreRole of Moderates and Extremists in Indian Freedom Struggle2821 Words   |  12 Pagesnational movement to a struggle for political reforms, the other side correctly saw British rule as an unmitigated disaster for the Indian people and called for the complete liberation from colonial rule. Tilak eloquently and succinctly summarized the sentiments of the new and increasingly militant national movement. He spoke of British rule as having ruined trade, caused the collapse of industry, and destroyed the peoples courage and abilities. Under the colonial regimen, Tilak asserted that theRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 PagesThe gas leak triggered a disaster that is now widely recognized as the world worst industrial catastrophe. Thousands of people were killed instantly and more than 25,000 people have died of gas-related illnesses, several thousands more maimed for life since. Union Carbide negotiated a settlement with the Indian Government in 1989 for $470 million - a total of only $370 to $533 per victim - a sum too small to pay for most medical bills. In 1996, t elve years after the disaster, Union Carbide became partRead MoreThe Congo Crisis: an International Perspective Essay example6247 Words   |  25 Pagesgrowing interest in acquiring African co lonies, ostensibly to uplift and civilize the natives. One such â€Å"humanitarian† venture was the International Congo Society of Là ©opold II King of the Belgians, which like other colonial ventures was a front for the actual exploitation of Africa’s vast natural resources and population base. King Là ©opold began his private colonial adventure in the Congo basin when it became apparent his Belgian subjects had no interest in colonies. The king used the InternationalRead MoreRevolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World, 1750–185010951 Words   |  44 PagesMany European intellectuals saw the Americas as a new, uncorrupted place in which material and social progress would come more quickly than in Europe. 7.Benjamin Franklin came to symbolize the natural genius and the vast potential of America. Franklin’s success in business, his intellectual and scientific accomplishments, and his political career offered proof that in America, where society was free of the chains of inherited privilege, geniusRead MoreThe Main Theoretical Weaknesses of Mercantilism8168 Words   |  33 Pagesgreat deal more speedily. Nevertheless, the settlements can feel like they are being taken advantage of and start rebelling; maybe even start their own country. The Navigation Laws were Englands way of making the most profit possible from their colonies in North America. With that said, there are still some weaknesses that cause this system not to be as effective as it could have been. One of these weaknesses was the war and the imperialism. Mercantilism during that time was looked at as economicRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagestwentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered inRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 Pagesfrom an area of high concentration, to an area of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. More specifically, it is the movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from an area of high water potential (low solute concentration) to an area of low water potential (high solute concentration). It is a physical process in which a solvent moves, without input of energy, across a semi-permeable membrane (permeable to the solvent, but not the solute) separating two solutions of different

Project Life cycle Free Essays

Project management plays an important role in achieving a successful project as it manage the project according the schedule and budget. According to Schwalbe (201 1), project life cycle defined as a collection of project phases, development, implementation and close-out. There are five important steps in developing project life cycle namely defining project goal, planning project, executing project, closing project and lastly, evaluating the project (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix). We will write a custom essay sample on Project Life cycle or any similar topic only for you Order Now Firstly, project manager define the project goal. Project goal is the first step as it set the objectives and purposes of the project. The goal focus on provide business value to the organisation. The goal should give a clear focus and drives the other phases for the project team. Moreover, in this phase, project manager identify the business problem and define a solution regarding it. According to Westland (2006), business case includes a detailed description of the problem, the availability of alternatives solutions, analysis of business benefits, costs, risks and issues, a preferred solution and an implementation’s summarized plan. Then, a feasibility study is run to assess each alternative solution option and its benefits, also reasonable forecast cost, risks nd identified issues are discussed. After approval of previous task, term of references are created and established. It define the vision, objectives, scope, and deliverables of the project and identify any risks, issues, assumptions and constraints. Then the project team is decided. This task is important as a successful project rely on the project team. Project manager plays role by creates a detailed Job description and choose project team based on their skills and knowledge. From the project goal, a project can be determined its success based on given time, money and resources invested. After defining the project goal, project manager plan the project. Project planning is crucial as the performance throughout the project is based on it. First, a project plan is created based on work breakdown structure (WBS). In WBS, the resources are allocated, provide detailed project scheduled and sequence the activities and tasks. After the project team has been decided, the team discuss the project based on things to do, how to make the project runs smoothly, cost assumption, type of resources need and time taken to complete the project. After that, deliverables, tasks resources, and time of completion of each tasks for each hase are defined. During planning phase, project team must agree upon the list of scope, schedule and budget. The team then create a resource plan to identify the labour, equipment, materials, software and hardware use in the project. To achieve a successful project, financial plan is important as it need to be within the budget given and enables the project manager measures the forecast spend of the project. At this point, potential risks and actions need to be taken in risk plan to avoid any error and solve a problem later in the next phase. Furthermore, the project must meet user requirements to gain user acceptance. To inform the stakeholders progress of the project, team member need to decide communication in communication plan and for each of the team member to distribute information. Lastly, a contract with suppliers is a need for having a clear idea of suppliers’ role and delivery expectation. The third stage in developing project is to execute the project plan. During this stage, work out the project in accord to the gran ed t task and activities in earlier stage. According to Schwalbe (201 1), the output of project such as product or services are produced and presented to the customer for sign off and the xecution phase is typically the longest phase in the project as it consumes the most effort and most resources. A good project is aimed at achieving the project aims and need, on time and within budget. Thus, aspects such as scope, schedule, budget and resources are properly handled throughout the phase. In the interim of plan execution, the project manager need to carry out a range of management processes such as identified the change management, risks management and issues management, assured the deliverable quality and measuring all the deliverable produced against the listed criteria (Westland, 2006). Subsequently, established the comparison of the product and baseline plan in earlier stage. After that, document the information and handed the report to the project manager through the regular team meetings. With these steps finished, a phase review is undertaken where the reported information are analysed carefully by the project manager. This is a checkpoint to make sure the product and services has achieved the goals and customer need before proceeds to next stage. The fourth step in developing project is to close the project. This stage includes a formally documentation and implementation of a project close report. Before the project closure, project checking is carry out as an extra insured. Westland (2006) stated that the, project close out is include ensuring all the project completion criteria have met and identified any outstanding project activities, task, risks or issues. Next, present the products to the sponsor and obtains formally acknowledge of acceptance on the delivered product or services. Finally, the project checking is completed. Based on the report, the project manager need to create the project closure report which consist of specifically document on all undertaken activities and delivered to the clients for approval Schwalbe, 2011). Once, the activities stated in the report are approved, the granted activities are execute. The project closure report is ended only when all the propose activities are fully implemented. Finally, the project closure stage ended when the project manager hand over the project documentation to the business, cancelling all suppliers’ contracts, releasing staff, equipment and resources, and lastly inform the closure of the project to all stakeholders and interested parties. In the final stage, the project is evaluated. After the project has been close, post-mortem is conducted to evaluate the overall project. The projects are evaluated in two categories: project team evaluation and project evaluation. The project team evaluation is performed by passing a team and peer evaluation form to the team member and each of them are required to Judge the other team member. The rate are based on the overall attitude and contribution of the member in the project. The evaluation result will be used as a revised is used as a revised of payroll. On the contrary, Schwalbe (2011) stated that the project is evaluated based on how well the product or services performed against the stated objectives and conformed to the management processes outlined in the lanning phase. Lastly, Novartis Foundation for Sustainable Development (2005) suggested that a review of on the project should be conduct to reflect the mistake and identify impact and lessons learnt for future projects. How to cite Project Life cycle, Essays

Sop - statement of purpose free essay sample

In my salad days cramming down lessons to replicate it on to the answer papers was the only way I thought I could clear my examinations. This idea of studying changed during my 7th grade when my chemistry teacher Ms. Annapushpam taught me that the basic elements of science and study are to understand the content and to question everything. â€Å"The beginning of knowledge is the discovery of something we do not understand† as quoted by Frank Herbert aptly describes the transformation. The joy of a discovery overrides the hardships encountered along its way. As the habit of questioning was instilled, I acknowledged the importance of placing a why before a how. I was most fascinated by her thought provoking teaching methods and I started loving the subject and began taking notice of its inevitable and widespread usage. Unrelenting love for the subject helped me score 97/100 in science in the 10th central board exams, ranking among top 1% of the students in the country. From my childhood I was inspired by my father Mr N. Rajendran, himself being a mathematics teacher guided me in mathematics and I found it facile to score high. Genetically inherited natural flair of analytical ability and quantitative aptitude helped me secure a centum in the 12th grade state exams. I chose to study (B.Tech ) Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals in Alagappa College of Technology, Anna University, one of the most prestigious, top ranked and reputed institutions in India. Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals is a unique course in Anna University that sandwiches the base of chemical engineering courses with many petroleum engineering courses. I strongly believe that the fluid and solid operations, reaction engineering, catalysis, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer courses will provide a backbone for the master’s degree in chemical engineering I’m eager to pursue. Out of these subjects chemical reaction engineering and catalytic reaction engineering are the courses that I’ve found to be immensely interesting and highly research oriented. I underwent a one month summer internship at CPCL (Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited), Chennai, in manufacturing refinery (I II). The rigorous lessons in the training were about the processes in the LPG recovery unit, crude distillation unit, power and utilities section and research and development (RD) section. I gained knowledge about preheater, desalter, heat exchanger, atmospheric distillation unit, vacuum distillation unit, flare system, cooling tower, demineralisation and reverse osmosis plant, importance of the different storage tanks and various safety and exigency strategies. My second internship was at MPL (Manali Petrochemicals limited), Chennai, is the chief producer of propylene oxide, propylene glycol (mono-,di- and tri- propylene glycol) and polyol (Flexible, rigid and elastomers). I had gone to industrial visits at FACT (Fertilisers and Chemicals Travancore limited), MRPL (Manglore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited) and at TPL (Tamil Nadu Petroproducts Limited) . Having undergone industrial training I have been able to apply theoretical knowledge to the best of my abilities in real life situations. As a chemical engineer I hold myself responsible for reducing the environmental degradation in the process of industrial development. My minuscule contribution to emphasize environmental protection and conversion of waste into fuel is my mini project â€Å"Biodiesel recovery from leather fleshing and slaughterhouse solid waste† using the steps of hydrolysis and trans-esterification. I did my final year project on â€Å"Manufacture of Sodium Sulphate (1Tonne/Day)† and I took up this project to get exposed to the overall working of a plant. The project comprised of the different methods of production, process selection, material and energy balance, equipment design, safety aspects, cost estimation and plant location. In the equipment design section I designed feed tanks, furnace, agitator vessel, rotary drum filter, crystalliser, rotary drier and storage tanks which helped me understand the importance of choice of the equipment for better yield. Visit to Sai Yasika Biochem situated in chennai and producing Sodium Sulphate, as one of its products, gave the project a new perspective. I, being a member of Petroleum Conservation and Research Association (PCRA) of India, helped in conducting audit processes at Anna University. I’m also proficient with softwares such as MATLAB, Photoshop CS5 and programming languages like C and C++. Despite the packed academic schedule I always found time to engage myself in various co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. I served as a cadet of the National Cadet Corps (NCC)-army platoon and enthusiastically participated in their drills and activities. I was selected as the convener of PETROVISION’12, a national level technical symposium, a position which tested my leadership and my organizing abilities to the hilt. I was also the Industrial visit coordinator for my department. I was an active participant in the blood donation camp conducted by the National Social Service (NSS). I have always believed that ‘a healthy mind and healthy body go hand in hand’. I played Table tennis at the district level during my school days. I enjoyed playing the beautiful game of soccer and as the quote goes, You will be closer to heaven through football than by gita by Swami Vivekananda, the sport honed my character as a whole. I played central defensive midfielder for the college team and captained the team for two academic years. Binding the team both on and off the field augmented my leadership abilities and the team brought many laurels to the college viz. combined team winners of Anna University Inter-zonal tournament, winners of Annafest’12, winners of Mitafest’12 open tournament and semi-finalist of state level Vels cup tournament. The more I delve into my subjects the more intriguing I found them. This has led to a perpetual fascination to study this subject. The chemical engineering department of the National University of Singapore is well known for its focus on research especially in the topics of reaction engineering and catalysis which happens to be my areas of interest. I will strive to make the most of the opportunity that the university grants me.

Assignment For Biochemistry Class Example

Assignment For Biochemistry Class Example Assignment For Biochemistry Class – Assignment Example Assignment for Biochemistry Sugar belongs to the carbohydrates category of biopolymers that interfere in the biological processes in the living bodies (Stick elevated triglycerides and insulin immunity through production of fat within the liver; diabetes from augmented liver glucose production mixed with insulin immunity; and the phenomenon of ageing, induced by damaged DNA, proteins and lipids by nonenzymatic adhering of fructose to them (Lustig, 2010). Thus it can be said that sugar poses similar toxic effects similar to alcohol on liver. As alcohol is obtained by the fermentation of sugar and is said to have similar properties of inducing pleasure although being a natural nutrient (Lustig, Schmidt, and Brindis, 2012).The government should regulate sugar supply but a ban like that imposed on alcohol and cigarettes. However the increased in-take can be limited by imposing taxes and removing subsidies on the over usage of fructose in the processed food items; limiting the availabili ty of fast food to younger people by imposing a complete ban on the sale of such products during school hours and by removing fructose form Generally Regarded As Safe list (Tappy et al, 2010). Yes sugar substitutes like artificial sweeteners are better for consumption as they do not disturb the blood glucose level. ReferencesLustig, R. H. (2010). Fructose: metabolic, hedonic, and societal parallels with ethanol. J AM Diet Assoc. 110, 1307–1321.Lustig, R. H., Schmidt, L. A. and Brindis, C. D. (2012). Public health: The toxic truth about sugar. Nature 482 (7383), 27-29.Muthana, S.M., Campbell, C.T., & Gildersleeve, J. C. (2012). Modifications of Glycans: Biological Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities. ACS Chem Biol. 7(1), 31-43.Stick, R., & Williams, S. (2009). Carbohydrates: The Essential Molecules of Life, 2nd ed. Elsevier. Tappy, L., LÃ ª, K. A., Tran, C., & Paquot, N. (2010). Fructose and metabolic diseases: new findings, new questions. Nutrition 26, 1044–104 9.

Behavioral Adaptations in Turtles to Thermoregulation and Survival Essays

Behavioral Adaptations in Turtles to Thermoregulation and Survival Essays Behavioral Adaptations in Turtles to Thermoregulation and Survival Paper Behavioral Adaptations in Turtles to Thermoregulation and Survival Paper Thermoregulation is necessary for ectotherms to survive. One important mechanism for thermoregulation seen in turtles is the ability to migrate between land and water habitats. This mechanism was studied using I-button data loggers placed inside marshmallow peeps to record temperatures In two different microhabitats; one In a stream and the other on the bank adjacent to the stream. Five samples were placed in each microhabitat and temperature was recorded every minute for 20 minutes. It was hypothesized that turtles In moving waters, such as streams, would exhibit lower body temperatures than those residing on banks alongside streams due to convection of the moving water. The results of this experiment Indicated a slgnlflcant dfference between body temperatures of the model turtles in each microhabitat. The temperatures of the samples in the stream were significantly lower than those of the samples on the bank. These results indicate that the convection from the moving stream waters provide effective means for lowering body temperature in ectotherms nd, therefore, can be a critical behavioral adaptation for turtles Inhabltlng areas with warmer climates. Introduction Body temperature is a characteristic that is crucial to an organisms survival. It affects numerous biological processes In organisms Including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and performance (Fitzgerald et al. 2006). In endothermic organisms, body temperature Is regulated by metabolism. However, In ectothermic organisms, such as turtles, body temperature Is not maintained by metabolism; instead they must rely on the thermal environment surrounding them to regulate their body emperature. The mechanisms most responsible for body temperature changes In ectotherms include radiation, conduction, convection, and evaporation. Radiation is the gain or loss of heat energy from the sun. This mechanism Involves ectothermic organisms changing their body temperature by changing their position in relation to the sun. Convection is or the gain or loss of heat to or from an organism in moving fluid such as water or the wind. Convection causes the body temperature of the ectotherm to equilibrate towards the temperature of the surrounding air or water. Conduction Is the gain or loss of heat to or from surfaces, and evaporation, or the loss of heat due to the conversion of liquid water on the body to gas (Thermal environments [date unknown]). These mechanisms of thermoregulation can govern the behavior of ectotherms_ In order to regulate their body temperature, ectotherms must either utilize these mechanisms by finding habitats that expose them to these tors protection from these elements. Semi-aquatic common snapping turtles in South Carolina, Chelydra serpentina, use behavioral adaptations such as basking in the sun to raise body temperature or swimming in streams, rivers, lakes, etc. o lower their body temperature (Bennett et al. 2005). In a body of moving water, such as a stream, convection from the movement of the water causes the turtles body temperature to equilibrate to the temperature of the water at a rapid rate. This is beneficial because it allows turtles to quickly lower their body temperature when necessary. It can be a disadvantage for turtles because they may need to use water to find food or escape predators even when the water temperature is lower than their optimal temperature ranges. The rapid heat loss due to the convection of moving water will cause the urtles body temperature to quickly equilibrate toward the lower water temperature which may hinder the performance level of the turtle. Fortunately, according to laboratory studies, reptiles like the turtle are able to heat faster than they cool off so they can raise their body temperatures fairly rapidly by basking in the sunlight (Fitzgerald et al. 06). These behavioral adaptations of turtles that allow them to migrate between microhabitats with different thermal environments quite easily, allow turtles to survive in more diverse climates, escape from certain predators, and orage for food in more locations. This ability to adapt is especially important today when we are facing issues such as global warming and seeing so many species become endangered or even extinct. This experiment was done in order to observe the temperature differences between ectotherms, specifically the Chelydra serpentina turtles, in different microhabitats in order to see how much of an effect changing habitats has on a turtles body temperature. In order to do this, a stream was chosen for the first microhabitat and the bank along the sides of the stream for the second microhabitat. Both microhabitats were located in the shade in attempt to eliminate the effect of radiation on body temperature. It was hypothesis was that the turtles in the stream would have a much lower body temperature than those on the bank due to convection. To model the turtles, I-buttons placed inside of marshmallow peeps were used. Materials and Methods The samples used to model the Chelydra serpentina were I-button data loggers each placed in the center of a marshmallow peep. The use of peeps made it easier to suspend the I-buttons in various locations. In order to keep the I-buttons inside each f the peeps, scissors were used to cut small circles in the center of each peep. These I-buttons record the temperature every minute. These I-buttons were kept on ice in a thermos prior to beginning the experiment in order to create a thermal rise that facilitated locating the start of the experimental data when extracting it from the l- buttons. The habitat used for the experiment was a shaded area containing a stream and the bank surrounding the stream where turtles may inhabit in order to seek refuge from the hot temperatures of South Carolina at noon during the summer. The reek was shallow, about a foot deep, and contained mostly sand with a few larger rocks on the bottom with a steady current. Both areas were completely shaded to eliminate radiation as a factor. A total of ten peeps were used and five were placed in different areas in a stream, while the other five were placed in various areas along the bank of the stream. Strings were tied to the samples placed in the stream and samples submerged and to keep them from being carried away with the current. The samples were left in their locations for twenty minutes in order to give the I-buttons ample time to equilibrate to the environment. This data was then extracted from the I-buttons and organized by temperature per minute for each sample in separate excel tables for each microhabitat. The average, standard deviation, confidence interval, and upper and lower confidence intervals for the temperature each minute was calculated using excel for each of the microhabitats. The temperatures for the last minute, the 20th minute, for each sample were organized into another table separated by microhabitat.

The effect of rising gas prices on your compan Essay

The effect of rising gas prices on your compan - Essay Example The following discussion will provide a detailed insight towards this issue. As a manager at this delivery service, it is my responsibility to provide the management with future projections about gas prices and to forecast and project gas prices in another 10 years. These steps are of utmost importance. The basic idea behind this discussion is to help the senior management plan everything on long term basis. No company today can survive without extensive consumption of fuel (Magnuson, 2008). This is especially true for the delivery service industry. The competitive edge lies precisely in the fact that the company must deliver all the good on time, every time. Thus it is of utmost importance to the company to be sure about their future gas fuel requirement and the costs associated with it. Gas prices over the last 20 years: The data used for this research is in fact Consumer Price Index - Average Price Data. The prices of Gasoline, unleaded regular, per gallon/3.785 liters from the year 1982 to 2011 have been studied. While studying this data, a lot of statistical techniques and tools have been applied on this set of data. First of all, the data is available in monthly figures. Though monthly figures give us a clear picture of how the prices vary over time, the projections cannot be created without calculating the annual data. The annual mean or average price has been calculated by adding all the monthly figures for any year and divide the sum by 12 to get the average annual figure.

United States vs Burke case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

United States vs Burke case - Essay Example While walking a foot patrol, PO Charles Brown and his partner, PO Schroeder are approached by a woman, named Peppermint Patty, who tells them that her boyfriend, Linus Van Pelt, just beat her up and threatened to kill her.She then tells the police that he has drugs and guns in the apartment. The police asked her where her boyfriend was and she told them, "He's home, come with me." Patty takes the officers to a building three blocks away and brings them to an apartment. The police officers knock on the door and another woman answer the door. The police ask if Linus is home and the woman says that he just went to the store to get a pack of cigarettes. The police ask if they can come in and the woman says yes. While they are in, Patty tells the police officers that the woman is Linus's sister. Lucy. PO Brown asks Lucy if Linus keeps drugs and guns in the house. Lucy says, "I never saw any guns or drugs." PO Schroeder says, "So if I looked around I wouldn't find anything illegal here" Lu cy tells him that would be true. The police officers then remove the cushions from the couch and find two .38 caliber revolvers. They open a hallway closet and find three bags of cocaine hidden under some sheets and towels. Linus returns home and he and his sister are arrested. The defendants make a motion to suppress the evidence recovered from the apartment. Discuss the search and seizure issues involved and decide the motion. In United States v Burke (1963, DC Mass) 215 F Supp 508, affd (CA1 Mass) 328 F2d 399, cert den 379 US 849, 13 L Ed 2d 52, 85 S Ct 91, reh den 380 US 927, 13 L Ed 2d 815, 85 S Ct 902, a prosecution for mail robbery and conspiracy to rob the mails, it was held that the consent of the accused's landlady did not justify the warrantless search of the accused's apartment. The evidence disclosed that in response to persistent ringing of the doorbell of the accused's apartment, the landlady opened her door, advised the officers that the accused was not at home, and offered to let the officers inspect his room. The evidence further disclosed that the officers searched the room, ascertained that the accused was not present, and observed a postal uniform jacket, but left the room without seizing it. The court held that the search was illegal since the officers had neither a search warrant nor probable cause to arrest the accused. Denying the accused's motion to suppress various items of evidenc e, however, the court stated that since the officers at the time of the search already knew that the accused had recently acquired a letter carrier's uniform, no new evidence was discovered during this illegal search, so that the "fruit of the poison tree" doctrine had no application to the search. In United States v Paroutian (1962, CA2 NY) 299 F2d 486, the warrantless search of the accused's apartment was held to be invalid, and a subsequent seizure of narcotics and a letter based upon information discovered in the search, were held to be inadmissible against the accused, where the only authority the officers had for conducting the search was the apparent consent of the agent of the owner of the apartment building. The evidence disclosed that the agent accompanied the officers while they conducted the search, and that the accused was not in the residence at the time. Noting that it was unclear whether the accused had paid the rent for the month in which the search was conducted, the court stated that at the time of the search there was no indication that the accused did not intend to return to the apartment. Noting that the landlord made no efforts to evict the accused until several weeks after the search, the court stated that the accused was legitimately on the premises and was entitled to invoke the right of privacy guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment. Here, neither Peppermint Patty nor Lucy had the authority (at least on these facts) to allow the police into Linus' apartment to search the premises. Any evidence found as a result of the illegal search in the apartment must be suppressed.

Budget Planning and Putting Learning into Practice Assignment

Budget Planning and Putting Learning into Practice - Assignment Example Being significantly under or over budget means that there are significant changes in some factors that were not foreseen or anticipated at the time these budgets were made. The information therefore does not necessarily mean that the organization need to come in exactly as planned because at the onset, it is understood that these are just benchmarks for planned performance. As emphasized, â€Å"preoccupation with the dollars and cents in the budget, or being rigid and inflexible, is usually counterproductive† (Garrison, Noreen, & Brewer, 2009, p. 383). For example, if the budget for sales for the year 2013 was stated as $5,000,000; significantly under budget means arriving at actual sales figure of just $2,000,000 and the organization should verify the causes of this variance. Applying what one learned from the theories and concepts of managerial accounting would assist in making one more productive in the work place through the provision of direction and guidance in principles and techniques that have been tested to be the best practices through time. As emphasized, managerial accounting assists managers through the performance of three vital activities: planning, controlling, and decision making (Garrison, Noreen, & Brewer, 2009). Through strategies and techniques in undertaking these relevant functions, managers are able to make responsible and effective decisions after the use of analytical decision-making tools, which are learned through managerial accounting. For example, in learning the concepts on planning, the manager would be made aware of taking into account purchasing for raw materials, where the costs of which are projected to increase by as much as 30% for the coming year. Therefore, through planning, the manager could purchase appropriate volumes of these raw materials to avail of its low prices before the new and increased price would be implemented. In doing so, revenues and profits are maximized as costs are

PIA Business and Management Analysis

PIA Business and Management Analysis In 1959, the Government of Pakistan took an initiative of appointing Air Commodore Nur Khan as the M.D (Managing Director) PIA, with his effective approach and visionary leadership, PIA had shown impressive growth and success within a half-decade, acquired the market as one of the leading airlines around the globe. In the history of aviation, this short span of half a decade referred to as the golden era of PIA . The key goals and commitments for new management are development, expansion, and growth and so on by 1960, PIA introduced first Boeing 707 service from London to Karachi and Karachi to Dhaka, proved as a major success. Successful accomplishment resulted in PIA becoming the first Asian Airline to operate jet aircraft, setting examples for the future. In 1961, the airline took an extremely extravagant decision of initiating a cross-Atlantic service from Karachi to New York. PIAs services had carried some over 70,000 passengers during the first year of operation. At times, it was acknowledged as a stellar operation, equal to any other in the world. Due to couple, unfortunate accidents resulted the discontinuation of service in 1966. PIA, in 1962, the wisdom of PIA management. finding the upper winds forecast favorable, PIA set a record of fastest air travel service between London to Karachi in a record time of 6 hours, 43 minutes and 51 seconds, that remains unbroken till date, with the representation of FAI (Federal Aeronaut International). 1964 was another historic year for PIA in terms of achievements and historically acknowledged as a pioneer in the checkered history of the airline. On 29th April, 1964, a Boeing 720B, PIA becomes the first airline from a non-communist country to fly into the Peoples Republic of China. PIAs very first service to Republic of China was from Karachi to Shanghai via Canton. By next year PIA increased number of planes by introducing another Boeing 720B and two more F-27s. As a national institution, PIAs development, had become a serious reality and the PIA team continued to achieve its ambitious plans and goals for the national flag carrier. A system of feeder services linking eight points in West Pakistan was introduced in 1966 at the times the airlines viscount were proving insufficient ownership to fast growth and to be replaced by tridents and the growth curve was on high, adding two F-27s and Boeing 707s following year. In 1964-65 the top slot of PIA was taken over by Air Vice Marshal, Asghar Khan for a tenure of 3 years. The introduction of new uniforms for the air hostesses by a well renowned French designer, Pierre Cardin was the most colorful change, if not the most significant at times of highest attributes that changed the entire aviation industry in terms of crew staff and taken as storm by the world. This inspirational move leave a success mark in the industry for PIA and the new uniform was an instant hit both at home and in abroad. Another achievement of PIA was, to become the first airline to get certification (first/lnitial certification) on SMS(Safety Management System) by CAA Civil Aviation Authority Pakistan. Civil Aviation Authority Air Navigation Order (ANO 91.0032 issued in September 2008) binds all airlines operating in Pakistan to have SMS. It is the privilege of PIA, who first initiated SMS awareness and implementation in July 2008. PIA awarded initial certification on SMS in 27th February 2009 by CAA. PIA installed its first fully functional Engine Overhauling Shop, near the Head Office building, was also completed and commissioned at the same times. The PIA Training Centre previously known as The Ground Training School (GTS) was first conceived and developed during 1961-62. Initially the training was imparted in a T-shaped building which later converted into PIAs dispensary close to the Head Office building. Due to high levels of seemingly growth and visible development both in traffic and revenues in 1960s, PIA installed new equipments, adding new routes and destinations, and new technologies to support its ever-expanding operations. 1968; a new Jet Hangar for Boeing with a supporting airframe overhaul was completed and commissioned and by 1970 come up with PIAs own Flight Kitchen in Karachi, which caters, even today, to the national airline as well as other carriers. Over the years, with the airlines expansion and increased capacity, the need for a second Flight Kitchen became imperative. In early nineties PIA come up with new brighter corporate identity. In changing times PIA introduced much smarter and sportifying looks of 90s, the famous PIA green mixed and reinforced with moss green and pale blue stripes were incorporated into the new corporate identity. It was green and gold livery earlier when it was first formed back in 1974, some old-timers may remember the flutter. PIA shows its diversity by active participation and sponsoring range of national games and PIA players are always show their leading presence in Cricket, Hockey, Football, Squash, Chess, Bridges, Polo and table tennis as the stripes logo shows PIAs active participation and diversity. Early nineties progressed to a vast expansion to HAJJ and UMRAH operations and domestic flight operation to all major cities of Pakistan i.e. Islamabad, Peshawar, Lahore, Quetta, and Karachi. PIA undoubtedly continues its growth and now PIA operates globally, and cover the international destinations spread over 4 continents including all landscapes of domestic operations. As far as PIA is still a pretty young airline; shown some impressive graphical statistics since its foundation in 1955, PIA has indeed, come a long way.

A Student Evaluates the Websites of Three Shoe Companies :: Sell Websites Buy Web Sites

A Student Evaluates the Websites of Three Shoe Companies Many companies now use websites to advertise their products. In this essay I will evaluate the effectiveness of several shoe websites. Three websites that I have been looked at are: www.nike.com (niketown), www.reebok.com, and www.adidas.com. They all are big companies that provide many kinds of shoes. Their websites looked similar in the first sight, but they are actually very different in several ways. My evaluation will be based on the navigation, contents, organization and layout of the websites, target audiences, user satisfaction with the websites, and how long the page takes to load. Navigation is one of the most important aspects in creating a good website. Navigation consists of several terms, such as: ease to use, internal link, broken link, internal search engine, and return to homepage from any page. Nike seems to have the best navigation from these threes websites. I can find things easily and I can go back to the homepage from any page. Reebok also has good navigation in its website, but it does not have a direct link to the homepage from any page. On the other hand, Adidas seems to be the most complicated website in terms of navigation. I need to spend a couple minutes to find a certain product. It has many internal links inside its website. Besides that, Adidas uses pop up windows in its website. Both Nike and Reebok also have a search engine at the top bar of their websites. This search bar can help consumers to find their desired product quickly, which I think that is very helpful. Unlike Adidas, which does not have a search engine in the website, so consumers have to browse all over the website in order to find the desired product. . The good thing about these three websites is they do not have a broken link, because they are being maintenance and updated all the time. Besides navigation, content is also a good consideration in order to create a good website. As I go into these three websites, I found that they all basically have the same content. They provide such important information about their products. They all also provide some details about their product such as, prices. The content that is provided by these websites is very attractive. They provide the image of the products that can be enlarged so consumers can look clearly at the desired products.